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Macropinocytosis contributes to hantavirus entry into human airway epithelial cells

Giulia Torriani1, Jennifer Mayor2, Gert Zimmer3

  • 1Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 48, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Virology
|March 11, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Hantaviruses enter human respiratory cells through macropinocytosis, a process requiring sodium proton exchangers and actin. However, Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Andes virus (ANDV) exhibit distinct cellular factor requirements for entry.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hantaviruses are rodent-borne RNA viruses causing severe human diseases.
  • Zoonotic transmission occurs via aerosols, targeting human respiratory epithelial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate cellular factors in Old and New World hantavirus entry into respiratory cells.
  • Determine the endocytic pathway utilized by Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Andes virus (ANDV).

Main Methods:

  • Screening of a kinase inhibitor library using a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotype platform.
  • Examination of inhibitors targeting endocytosis pathways, specifically macropinocytosis.
  • Utilized human respiratory epithelial cells for entry studies.

Main Results:

  • Identified differential host kinase requirements for HTNV and ANDV entry.
  • Confirmed both HTNV and ANDV utilize macropinocytosis for cellular entry.
  • Demonstrated virus-specific differences in the requirement for macropinocytosis regulatory factors.

Conclusions:

  • Hantavirus entry into human respiratory epithelial cells critically depends on macropinocytosis.
  • Distinct cellular mechanisms govern the entry of different hantaviruses, suggesting virus-specific adaptations.
Keywords:
EndocytosisHantavirusMacropinocytosisSignalingTropismViral entry

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