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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an updated review on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment

George Makavos1, Chris Κairis1, Maria-Eirini Tselegkidi2

  • 12nd Cardiology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462, Haidari, Greece.

Heart Failure Reviews
|March 11, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heart condition with many causes. This review covers its diagnosis, genetics, prognosis, and treatment, focusing on sudden cardiac death risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is defined as left ventricular hypertrophy without abnormal loading conditions.
  • Numerous underlying etiologic factors contribute to the HCM phenotype.
  • The MOGE(S) classification offers a standardized multimodal characterization of HCM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of current knowledge on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  • To summarize recent data on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of HCM.
  • To emphasize the importance of risk stratification for sudden cardiac death in HCM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of essential knowledge and recent publications on HCM.
  • Synthesis of information on clinical aspects, genetic analyses, and differential diagnosis.
  • Analysis of prognostic factors and current treatment strategies for HCM.

Main Results:

  • HCM has diverse etiologies, requiring multimodal assessment using classifications like MOGE(S).
  • Accurate diagnosis, including genetic analysis and differential diagnosis, is crucial.
  • Risk stratification for sudden cardiac death is a paramount concern in HCM management.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the multifaceted nature of HCM is essential for effective patient management.
  • A standardized approach to characterization and risk assessment improves clinical decision-making.
  • Comprehensive knowledge of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options is vital for improving outcomes in HCM.

Keywords:
DiagnosisEtiologyHypertrophic cardiomyopathyTreatment

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