Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Nephrology
• Biomarker Research

Background:

• Impaired kidney function is a significant predictor of poor prognosis in chronic heart failure (CHF).
• Early detection and prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI) in acute decompensated chronic heart failure (ADCHF) remain understudied.
• Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is being investigated for its role in cardiorenal conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) as a biomarker for early AKI diagnosis in ADCHF patients.
• To assess the prognostic value of HIF-1 in patients with ADCHF.
• To explore correlations between HIF-1, kidney function, and other biomarkers.

Main Methods:

• 84 patients with ADCHF were assessed according to SEHF and KDIGO criteria.
• Blood serum levels of HIF-1, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and erythropoietin were measured.
• A 12-month follow-up period was conducted to monitor patient outcomes.

Main Results:

• AKI was diagnosed in 32.1% of ADCHF patients.
• No significant correlation was found between HIF-1 levels and kidney function (e.g., glomerular filtration rate) or NT-proBNP.
• Elevated HIF-1 levels were observed in deceased patients compared to survivors (p=0.004), suggesting prognostic value.

Conclusions:

• AKI is prevalent in ADCHF patients, affecting nearly one-third.
• HIF-1 did not prove effective for early AKI diagnosis or as a direct indicator of kidney function in ADCHF.
• HIF-1 levels demonstrated a significant association with patient prognosis and mortality in ADCHF.