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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Derivation of a Human Brain Organoid with Microglia Development

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Published on: January 17, 2025

Microglia-Derived Microvesicles Affect Microglia Phenotype in Glioma.

Alfonso Grimaldi¹, Carmela Serpe², Giuseppina Chece²

¹Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia@Sapienza, Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

|March 12, 2019

Summary

Microglia-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can reprogram tumor-associated myeloid cells in brain tumors. This transfer of information reduces tumor size and promotes brain homeostasis recovery.

Keywords:

brain tumors extracellular vesicles glioma microglia tumor associated myeloid cells

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Published on: June 22, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles (MV) and exosomes (Exo), mediate intercellular communication by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
In the nervous system, EVs are crucial for neuron-glial cross-talk, maintaining brain homeostasis and implicated in central nervous system (CNS) diseases when dysfunctional.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential of microglia-derived EVs to transfer a protective phenotype to dysfunctional microglia within a brain tumor microenvironment.
To assess the therapeutic efficacy of microvesicles in modulating tumor-associated myeloid cells and impacting glioma progression.

Main Methods:

Isolation of microvesicles (MV) from microglia stimulated with LPS/IFNγ.
Intracerebral injection of isolated MVs into glioma-bearing mice.
Analysis of tumor-associated myeloid cell (TAM) phenotype.
Assessment of tumor size, neuronal death, and glioma invasion.

Main Results:

Brain injection of microglia-derived MVs induced a phenotype switch in tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMs).
A significant reduction in tumor size was observed in MV-treated glioma-bearing mice.
EV cargo, containing upregulated inflammation-related gene transcripts, modified microglial gene expression, reduced neuronal death, and inhibited glioma invasion.

Conclusions:

Microglia-derived MVs can serve as a therapeutic tool to transfer protective information to dysfunctional microglia in the context of brain tumors.
This EV-mediated intercellular communication promotes the recovery of brain homeostasis by modulating the tumor microenvironment and inhibiting glioma progression.