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Related Experiment Videos

Epilepsy and the blood-brain barrier.

E M Cornford, W H Oldendorf

    Advances in Neurology
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in epilepsy, influencing drug delivery and nutrient transport to the brain. Understanding BBB function is key to developing new epilepsy treatments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Epilepsy is associated with alterations in the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
    • Ultrastructural studies show increased micropinocytosis and basement membrane thickening in cerebral capillaries during seizures.
    • Capillary mitochondria and tight junctions may also be affected in seizure-traumatized brain regions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of the BBB in epilepsy.
    • To understand brain-plasma exchange and drug delivery across the BBB.
    • To explore the BBB's regulation of nutrient transport, particularly glucose, during seizures.

    Main Methods:

    • Ultrastructural analysis of cerebral capillaries.
    • In vivo and in vitro studies of drug dissociation and brain uptake.
    • Investigation of glucose transport and utilization in the seizing brain.

    Main Results:

    • Protein-bound drugs can dissociate and cross the BBB during a single capillary transit.
    • Albumin-bound substances, including anticonvulsants, distribute into tissues more readily than previously thought.
    • BBB transport may be rate-limiting for glucose availability to the seizing brain, impacting brain glucose utilization.

    Conclusions:

    • Traditional free drug hypotheses for BBB penetration need revision.
    • Modulating plasma glucose levels could potentially alter brain glucose utilization during seizures.
    • Further research is needed to understand the persistence and localization of BBB alterations post-seizure.

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