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Subcortical gray matter structural alterations in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes
Dong Cui1,2,3, Xinfeng Liu4, Minmin Liu5
1College of Radiology.
Neuroreport
|March 12, 2019
Summary
Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) reduce gray matter brain volume, particularly in the hippocampus. Impaired glucose control accelerates brain atrophy in T2D patients, highlighting T2D
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Metabolic Disorders
- Neurology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease.
- The exact mechanisms of glucose's impact on brain structure remain unclear.
- Differential effects of glucose on brain changes in prediabetes versus T2D are unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate subcortical gray matter (GM) volume differences in prediabetes and T2D patients compared to controls.
- To explore the relationship between glycemic control and brain structural changes.
Main Methods:
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data acquired from 21 T2D patients, 21 prediabetes patients, and 21 healthy controls.
- Freesurfer software used for subcortical GM volume analysis.
- Spearman correlation analysis linked GM volume with clinical data.
Main Results:
- Reduced subcortical GM volumes observed in prediabetes and T2D groups in the hippocampus, amygdala, and putamen.
- Postprandial blood sugar levels correlated with left hippocampal GM volume in T2D patients.
- Prediabetes is associated with significant brain structural changes.
Conclusions:
- Prediabetes negatively impacts brain structure, contrary to previous assumptions.
- Impaired glycemia adversely affects brain structures.
- Chronic hyperglycemia accelerates brain atrophy in type 2 diabetes patients.
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