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Nutrient retention by different substrates from an improved low impact development system.

Junjie Zhou1, Xinqiang Liang1, Shengdao Shan2

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|March 12, 2019
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Summary

This study demonstrates that combining polyacrylamide (PAM) and straw biochar in agricultural water management significantly enhances nutrient retention, particularly for phosphorus (P), while also improving soil structure. Optimized application rates of PAM and biochar effectively reduce nutrient loss and increase water-stable soil aggregates.

Keywords:
Low impact developmentNutrient retentionSubstrateWater reuse

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Agricultural Engineering
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Agricultural water reuse is increasing globally, yet nutrient retention in reclaimed water management is understudied.
  • Limited information exists on how amendments affect nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) retention in reused agricultural water.
  • Low Impact Development (LID) practices are crucial for sustainable water management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the synergistic effects of polyacrylamide (PAM), peat soil, and straw biochar on N and P retention.
  • To evaluate these effects under two irrigation modules: spray and drip irrigation.
  • To determine optimal amendment rates for nutrient retention and soil aggregate stability.

Main Methods:

  • An improved LID practice was constructed with orthogonal combinations of PAM, peat soil, and straw biochar.
  • Four leaching events were conducted to assess nutrient retention under varying amendment rates.
  • Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the impact of amendments on leachate, N, and P retention.

Main Results:

  • Optimal treatments identified: 2 g/kg PAM for N retention; 2 g/kg PAM, 10 g/kg peat soil, and 40 g/kg straw biochar for P retention.
  • Highest N retention: 83.12 mg N/kg (spray) and 50.09 mg N/kg (drip). Highest P retention: 11.88 mg P/kg (spray) and 7.47 mg P/kg (drip).
  • PAM application significantly increased water-stable soil aggregates (>2 mm) and showed a linear relationship with N and P retention.

Conclusions:

  • Combined application of PAM and straw biochar effectively reduces phosphorus loss under leaching conditions.
  • PAM and biochar amendments improve soil water retention and increase the formation of water-stable soil aggregates (>2 mm).
  • Optimized LID practices with substrate amendments offer a promising strategy for nutrient management in agricultural water reuse.