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First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by an Oidium sp. on White Sweetclover in Kansas

D L Stuteville1

  • 1Department of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506.

Plant Disease
|March 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi, was identified on white sweetclover (Melilotus alba) in Kansas. This common plant disease affected foliage, causing wilting and leaf drop, but was not observed on yellow sweetclover.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Mycology
  • Botany

Background:

  • Powdery mildew is a common fungal disease affecting various plant species.
  • Sweetclover (Melilotus spp.) is an important forage and cover crop.
  • Disease incidence and host specificity are crucial for agricultural management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the occurrence and characteristics of powdery mildew on white sweetclover (Melilotus alba) in Kansas.
  • To identify the causal agent of the observed powdery mildew.
  • To note the absence of the disease on co-occurring yellow sweetclover (M. officinalis).

Main Methods:

  • Field observations of disease symptoms on white sweetclover over multiple years (1995-1997).
  • Microscopic examination of fungal structures, including conidia, to identify the pathogen.
  • Comparison of disease presence on white and yellow sweetclover growing in proximity.

Main Results:

  • Powdery mildew, characterized by white mycelia and Oidium conidia, was prevalent on white sweetclover from June to November.
  • Symptoms included wilting and premature dropping of leaflets.
  • The conidial state aligned with Erysiphe pisi; no sexual state was observed.
  • Yellow sweetclover plants growing nearby showed no signs of infection.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first report of powdery mildew on white sweetclover in Kansas.
  • Erysiphe pisi is identified as the likely causal agent of powdery mildew on Melilotus alba.
  • White sweetclover appears to be susceptible, while yellow sweetclover may possess resistance under these conditions.

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