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Recurrent Emergency Department Users: Two Categories with Different Risk Profiles.

Ksenija Slankamenac1, Meret Zehnder2, Tim O Langner3

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Summary

Recurrent emergency department (ED) visits stem from two patient types: repeated users with consistent symptoms and frequent users with varied conditions. Understanding these distinct groups is key to improving care and reducing ED overcrowding.

Keywords:
recurrent emergency department visitsrepeated and frequent emergency department visitors

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Healthcare Management
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Recurrent emergency department (ED) visits contribute significantly to hospital overcrowding.
  • Identifying characteristics and risk factors of frequent ED visitors is crucial for optimizing healthcare resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics and prevalence of recurrent ED visitors.
  • To determine specific risk factors associated with multiple ED visits in different patient categories.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ED patient data from a tertiary care hospital over a one-year period.
  • Categorization of recurrent ED visitors into 'repeated' (same symptoms) and 'frequent' (different symptoms) users.
  • Statistical analysis to identify risk factors for multiple ED visits.

Main Results:

  • 5.8% of ED visits were by patients with at least four visits within the year.
  • Repeated ED users had more visits and hospital admissions, often linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mental disorders.
  • Frequent ED users were associated with disability, higher comorbidity scores, and rheumatic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Two distinct categories of recurrent ED users exist, each with unique risk factors.
  • Targeted, multi-professional follow-up care models are necessary to address the needs of recurrent ED patients and improve emergency services.