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Wave patterns organize cellular protrusions and control cortical dynamics.

Yuchuan Miao1,2, Sayak Bhattacharya3, Tatsat Banerjee2,4

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Molecular Systems Biology
|March 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Cellular protrusions arise from a common mechanism involving two coordinated networks: the signal transduction network (STEN) and the cytoskeletal network (CEN). Their interactions generate dynamic cortical waves that dictate cell morphology.

Keywords:
cell migrationcellular protrusioncomplex networkexcitable systempattern formation

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cellular protrusions like filopodia and lamellipodia are crucial for cell functions.
  • These structures were traditionally thought to be regulated by distinct molecular pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a potential common regulatory mechanism underlying different cellular protrusions.
  • To explore the dynamic interactions between signaling and cytoskeletal networks.

Main Methods:

  • Computational modeling of coupled signal transduction (STEN) and cytoskeletal (CEN) networks.
  • Experimental validation using chemically induced dimerization to perturb network nodes.

Main Results:

  • Identified two interconnected excitable networks (STEN and CEN) generating cortical waves.
  • Demonstrated that feedback loop strengths in STEN and CEN control wave dynamics and cell protrusion morphology.
  • Showed that alterations in network components lead to diverse protrusion types (filopodia, ruffles, etc.).

Conclusions:

  • Cellular protrusions originate from a unified regulatory system involving STEN and CEN.
  • The dynamic state of the STEN-CEN system governs cell morphology and protrusion formation.