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Devastating neurologic injuries in the Syrian war.

Yasmeen El Hajj Abdallah1, Julie Beveridge1, Ming Chan1

  • 1Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (YEHA) and Divisions of Surgery (JB), Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (MC), Psychiatry (SA-N), and Neurology (ASE), Department of Medicine, University of Alberta; Anatomical Acupuncture (TD), Physical Therapist, Adam Physio and Sports Clinic Ltd, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Emergency Medicine (HM), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and Neuroscience Institute (MS), Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.

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Summary

Syrian civil war patients frequently sustained peripheral nerve injuries, particularly gunshot-related radial nerve damage. This study highlights the urgent need for medical aid amidst the ongoing conflict and its devastating neurologic consequences.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Traumatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The Syrian civil war has caused widespread displacement and injury since 2011.
  • A significant rise in casualties necessitates understanding the prevalence of neurologic injuries.
  • This study focuses on a major rehabilitation center on the Turkish-Syrian border.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and types of neurologic injuries in Syrian war casualties.
  • To analyze injury mechanisms, laterality, paralysis, and affected areas.
  • To document treatments offered to patients with neurologic injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Data collected from a rehabilitation center on the Turkey-Syria border between 2013 and 2016.
  • Analysis of clinical data including injury type, cause, laterality, paralysis, and treatment.
  • Inclusion of 230 patients with documented neurologic injuries.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral nerve injuries were most common (92.5%), with radial nerve damage prevalent (19.1%).
  • Gunshot wounds accounted for 54.3% of injuries; spinal cord injuries were 8.7%, and traumatic brain injuries 1.3%.
  • Most patients (66.1%) had single injuries; 96.1% of patients were male.

Conclusions:

  • The study underscores the severe neurologic impact of the Syrian conflict.
  • There is a critical need for increased emergency medical aid and rehabilitation services.
  • Findings emphasize the devastating consequences of war on civilian health.