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Related Experiment Videos

Hyperprolactinaemia in congenital hypothyroidism.

K L McCormick

    Clinical Endocrinology
    |March 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Congenital hypothyroidism in infants causes significantly higher serum prolactin levels compared to euthyroid infants. These prolactin levels decrease with treatment, correlating with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Pediatric Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition present at birth that affects thyroid hormone production.
    • Elevated prolactin levels (hyperprolactinemia) can occur in various endocrine disorders.
    • The relationship between congenital hypothyroidism and prolactin levels in neonates is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and quantify serum prolactin concentrations in infants with untreated congenital hypothyroidism.
    • To compare prolactin levels in hypothyroid infants with those in healthy, euthyroid controls.
    • To observe the effect of treatment on prolactin levels and their correlation with TSH.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum samples were collected from nine untreated infants with congenital hypothyroidism and 23 euthyroid control infants.
    • Serum prolactin concentrations were measured using a standard immunoassay.
    • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations were also measured concurrently.

    Main Results:

    • Infants with congenital hypothyroidism exhibited markedly elevated serum prolactin concentrations, approximately tenfold higher than controls (352 vs 34 µg/L).
    • Prolactin levels gradually decreased in hypothyroid infants following treatment initiation.
    • A direct correlation was observed between serum prolactin and TSH concentrations in the hypothyroid group.

    Conclusions:

    • Congenital hypothyroidism is associated with profound hyperprolactinemia in infants, unlike the milder elevations seen in adults.
    • The hyperprolactinemia in congenital hypothyroidism appears to be uniform and directly related to TSH levels.
    • The clinical significance of this pronounced hyperprolactinemia in the fetal or neonatal period remains to be determined.

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