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Trichothecenes from a Soil-Derived Trichoderma brevicompactum
Saranyoo Klaiklay1, Vatcharin Rukachaisirikul2, Saowanit Saithong2
1Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology , Prince of Songkla University , Surat Thani Campus, Muang Surat Thani, Surat Thani 84000 , Thailand.
Journal of Natural Products
|March 13, 2019
Summary
Researchers isolated novel trichothecenes from Trichoderma brevicompactum, with trichodermin showing potent antimalarial and antifungal activity. Some compounds also demonstrated anticancer properties against human oral carcinoma cells.
Area of Science:
- Natural Product Chemistry
- Medicinal Chemistry
- Mycology
Background:
- Soil-derived fungi, such as Trichoderma brevicompactum, are a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites.
- Trichothecenes are a class of sesquiterpenes known for diverse biological activities, including cytotoxicity and antimicrobial effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize new and known trichothecenes from the soil-derived fungus Trichoderma brevicompactum PSU-RSPG27.
- To evaluate the in vitro biological activities of the isolated trichothecenes, including antimalarial, anticancer, and antifungal properties.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of trichothecenes using chromatographic techniques.
- Structure elucidation of isolated compounds utilizing spectroscopic methods (NMR, MS) and X-ray crystallography for compound 1.
- In vitro bioassays to determine IC50 and MIC values against Plasmodium falciparum, Vero cells, KB cells, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans.
Main Results:
- Six new and seven known trichothecenes were isolated and structurally characterized.
- Trichodermin (7) exhibited potent activity against Plasmodium falciparum (K1 strain) with an IC50 of 0.1 μM and against noncancerous Vero cells with an IC50 of 0.4 μM.
- Compounds 7 and 12 showed significant activity against human oral carcinoma (KB) cells (IC50 values of 2.4 and 3.7 μM, respectively) and antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans.
Conclusions:
- The soil-derived fungus Trichoderma brevicompactum PSU-RSPG27 produces a variety of bioactive trichothecenes.
- Trichodermin (7) is a promising candidate for further investigation as an antimalarial agent, despite its cytotoxicity.
- Compounds 7 and 12 demonstrate potential as anticancer and antifungal agents, warranting further research.
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