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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Deformation in a Circular Shaft01:10

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

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One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
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Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs

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Circular RNAs in Cancer.

Duc-Hiep Bach1, Sang Kook Lee2, Anil K Sood3

  • 1College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids
|March 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable RNA molecules with diverse functions. Aberrant circRNA expression is linked to cancer, highlighting their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
biogenesisbiological functionscancer biomarkerscircular RNAsexosomeshallmarks of cancerhematological malignanciesmalignant tumorsoncogenic functionplatelets

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Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

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Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed RNA loops formed by back-splicing.
  • They are highly stable, abundant, and conserved across species.
  • circRNAs function as microRNA sponges, protein sponges, and regulators of transcription and splicing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the characteristics, functions, and mechanisms of circRNAs in cancer.
  • To provide an overview of recent advancements in circRNA research.
  • To discuss the potential of circRNAs as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput sequencing
  • Bioinformatics analysis
  • Literature review

Main Results:

  • circRNAs are broadly expressed across species and exhibit tissue-specific expression patterns.
  • Aberrant expression of circRNAs is observed in various pathological conditions, particularly in cancer.
  • circRNAs possess diverse cellular functions, including gene regulation and acting as molecular sponges.

Conclusions:

  • circRNAs play significant roles in cancer development and progression.
  • circRNAs hold promise as diagnostic biomarkers for cancer.
  • circRNAs represent novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.