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New Races of Phytophthora sojae with Rps1-d Virulence.

T S Abney1, J C Melgar2, T L Richards3

  • 1Plant Pathologist, Crop Production and Pathology Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, West Layafette, IN 47907.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Seven new soybean pathogen races, Phytophthora sojae, were identified, challenging existing resistance genes. This discovery impacts soybean disease management strategies for Phytophthora root and stem rot.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Agronomy
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Phytophthora sojae causes significant yield losses in soybean (Glycine max).
  • Existing soybean resistance alleles (Rps1-k and Rps1-d) are crucial for managing Phytophthora root and stem rot.
  • The emergence of new pathogen races can overcome these resistance genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize new physiologic races of Phytophthora sojae.
  • To assess the virulence of new races against soybean cultivars with specific resistance alleles.
  • To understand the prevalence of different P. sojae races in Indiana.

Main Methods:

  • Hypocotyl inoculations of differential soybean cultivars were performed.
  • Soybean (Glycine max) cultivars with known resistance alleles (Rps1-k, Rps1-d) were used for differentiation.
  • Isolates collected from 27 Indiana counties in 1993 were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Seven new physiologic races of Phytophthora sojae were identified and assigned numbers 33, 34, 41-45.
  • Five new races were virulent on soybeans with the Rps1-d allele.
  • Four new races were virulent on soybeans with the Rps1-k allele.
  • The newly identified races represented 14% of the 1993 Indiana isolates.
  • Races 1 and 3 were the most prevalent (31% and 26% respectively).

Conclusions:

  • New physiologic races of Phytophthora sojae are emerging, some of which can overcome common soybean resistance genes.
  • Continued monitoring of P. sojae populations is essential for effective disease management.
  • The findings highlight the need for ongoing research into soybean resistance to Phytophthora root and stem rot.