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Interoceptive accuracy moderates the response to a glucose load: a test of the predictive coding framework.

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Individuals with higher interoceptive accuracy (IAc) better regulate post-meal physiological and hunger responses. This suggests attending to bodily signals is crucial for maintaining physical and emotional health.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Interoception and homeostasis are increasingly understood through predictive coding and active inference frameworks.
  • Interoceptive accuracy (IAc) reflects an individual's ability to precisely interpret internal bodily signals.
  • High IAc may be linked to improved physiological regulation, particularly during the postprandial period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between interoceptive accuracy and physiological/subjective responses after consuming different drinks.
  • To explore the role of active inference in interoception and homeostatic regulation.

Main Methods:

  • One hundred females participated in a study involving consumption of glucose, a sucralose drink, water, or no drink.
  • Interoceptive accuracy (IAc), heart rate (HR), and blood glucose (BG) were measured pre- and post-consumption.
  • Participants also rated hunger, thirst, and mood levels.

Main Results:

  • Higher IAc correlated with lower blood glucose, reduced anxiety, and higher heart rate after glucose consumption.
  • Individuals with higher IAc experienced a greater reduction in hunger after consuming glucose or sucralose.
  • These findings support the active inference model of interoception and homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • Interoceptive accuracy plays a significant role in modulating physiological and subjective responses to food intake.
  • The capacity to accurately perceive internal bodily states is vital for maintaining physical and emotional well-being.
  • Active inference principles may underlie effective homeostatic control and interoceptive processing.