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Taryn D Laubenstein1, Jodie L Rummer2, Mark I McCormick2,3

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Ocean acidification and warming negatively impact reef fish behavior and physiology. Trade-offs between these traits emerge only under combined stressors, potentially limiting fish adaptation to climate change.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Climate Change Ecology
  • Fish Physiology

Background:

  • Ocean acidification and warming are key climate change stressors affecting marine ecosystems.
  • Previous research shows variable, often negative, impacts on reef fish behavior and physiology.
  • The relationship between these behavioral and physiological traits under climate change is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between behavioral and physiological performance in juvenile reef fish.
  • To assess the combined effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature on these traits.
  • To determine if trade-offs exist between behavioral and physiological performance under climate change scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a full factorial design exposing juvenile reef fish to elevated CO2 and temperature.
  • Measured behavioral responses to alarm cues.
  • Assessed physiological performance, specifically aerobic scope.

Main Results:

  • Elevated CO2 negatively affected behavioral responses to alarm cues.
  • Elevated temperature significantly diminished aerobic scope.
  • A significant negative relationship between behavioral and physiological traits was observed only under combined elevated CO2 and temperature treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Trade-offs between behavioral and physiological performance in reef fish may only manifest under multiple climate change stressors.
  • These performance trade-offs could constrain the adaptive capacity of fish populations facing climate change.
  • Considering combined stressors is crucial for understanding and predicting the ecological impacts of climate change on marine life.