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Language Outcomes in Adults with a History of Institutionalization: Behavioral and Neurophysiological
Sergey A Kornilov1,2,3, Marina A Zhukova1,3, Irina V Ovchinnikova1,3
1Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.
Scientific Reports
|March 14, 2019
Summary
Institutionalization negatively impacts language development, causing deficits in vocabulary, grammar, and spelling. Early linguistic environments are crucial for developing neural networks involved in language processing.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
- Linguistics
Background:
- Impoverished early care environments in institutions are linked to developmental deficits.
- While cognitive deficits are documented, the impact of institutionalization on language development is less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate language outcomes in institutionalized versus non-institutionalized young adults.
- To examine the neural correlates of language processing using event-related potentials (ERPs).
Main Methods:
- Compared language abilities and linguistic event-related potentials (ERPs) in young adults with and without institutionalization history.
- Controlled for intelligence to isolate effects of institutionalization on language.
Main Results:
- Institutionalized adults showed deficits in lexical, grammatical development, and spelling, independent of general intelligence.
- ERP analyses revealed altered neural processing of linguistic stimuli, including reduced sensitivity to word expectancy violations.
Conclusions:
- Language is a vulnerable domain for individuals with institutionalization history, with deficits not attributable to general developmental delays.
- Early linguistic experiences are critical for the development of neural networks supporting language processing.
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