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Diabetes and foot burns.

M Momeni1, A-A Jafarian1, S-S Maroufi1

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Diabetic foot burns are rising, with patients experiencing delayed care, longer hospital stays, and higher amputation rates. Prevention and training programs are crucial for reducing these adverse outcomes in diabetic individuals.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Surgery
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot complications, including burns, represent a growing global health concern.
  • Lower extremity burns in diabetic patients are associated with significant morbidity and potential mortality.
  • Understanding the specific characteristics and outcomes of diabetic foot burns is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency, morbidity, and mortality of diabetic foot burn patients.
  • To analyze demographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors influencing outcomes in this patient group.
  • To compare the outcomes of diabetic foot burns with general burn patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey with a one-year follow-up of adult diabetic patients with lower extremity burns.
  • Data collection included demographics, burn cause, time to hospital admission, Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) burned, presence of neuropathy, diabetes type, comorbidities, and treatment details.
  • Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software, with a significance level of p < 0.05.

Main Results:

  • Out of 34,300 burn patients, 47 had diabetic foot burns; half had diabetic neuropathy.
  • The majority of patients had Type II diabetes, were male, and had comorbidities like hypertension and ischemic heart disease.
  • Patients experienced delayed medical attention (mean 2.5 days), longer hospital stays (mean 11.4 days), and higher amputation rates (8.5%) with no reported deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic foot burn patients present unique challenges, including delayed presentation and increased risk of complications and amputations.
  • Effective prevention and targeted educational programs are urgently needed to mitigate the incidence and severity of diabetic foot burns.
  • Further research comparing diabetic foot burns to other burn types highlights the need for specialized care pathways.