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Enkephalin convertase: localization to specific neuronal pathways.

D R Lynch, S M Strittmatter, J C Venable

    The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
    |June 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    3H-Guanidinoethylmercaptosuccinic acid (GEMSA) maps enkephalin convertase (EC) in rat brains. EC is found in specific neuronal pathways, including those not containing enkephalins, indicating its diverse roles.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Enkephalin convertase (EC) is a carboxypeptidase B-like enzyme.
    • 3H-Guanidinoethylmercaptosuccinic acid (3H-GEMSA) is a selective radioligand for EC.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To map the distribution of membrane-bound EC in the rat forebrain using 3H-GEMSA autoradiography.
    • To investigate the localization of EC within specific neuronal pathways using lesioning techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • Autoradiography with 3H-GEMSA to visualize EC binding.
    • Knife-cut, ibotenic acid, quinolinic acid, kainic acid, and colchicine lesions to disrupt neuronal pathways and assess EC localization.

    Main Results:

    • Highest EC levels were observed in the median eminence, followed by hypothalamic magnocellular nuclei, amygdala, lateral septum, and bed nuclei of the stria terminalis.

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  • Evidence suggests axonal transport of EC within the stria terminalis.
  • EC in the substantia nigra pars reticulata is associated with axons from the caudate nucleus.
  • In the hippocampus, EC is concentrated near CA 3-4 pyramidal cells and dentate gyrus granule cells, with significant binding present prenatally.
  • EC was localized to sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglion.

    • Conclusions:

    • 3H-GEMSA autoradiography effectively maps EC distribution and axonal transport in the rat brain.
    • EC is present in both enkephalinergic and non-enkephalinergic neuronal systems.
    • The findings provide insights into the neuroanatomical distribution and axonal localization of EC, suggesting diverse functional roles beyond enkephalin metabolism.