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Inactivation and Removal of Chikungunya Virus and Mayaro Virus from Plasma-derived Medicinal Products

Constanze Yue1, Sebastian Teitz2, Tomoyuki Miyabashi3

  • 1Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany. Constanze.Yue@pei.de.

Viruses
|March 15, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mayaro virus (MAYV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) show different resistance to inactivation methods. However, standard plasma product manufacturing effectively removes both alphaviruses, ensuring product safety.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Public Health
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) are alphaviruses transmitted by arthropods, causing febrile illness.
  • CHIKV has a global presence, while MAYV is found in South America and the Caribbean, with concerns about its potential spread.
  • The transmission of emerging viruses via blood transfusion and the safety of plasma-derived medicinal products (PDMPs) are significant public health concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of viral inactivation and removal procedures on Mayaro virus (MAYV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV).
  • To assess the safety of plasma-derived medicinal products (PDMPs) concerning MAYV and CHIKV contamination.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of heat inactivation in various matrices.
  • Assessment of solvent/detergent treatment efficacy.
  • Testing the effectiveness of 35 nm nanofiltration for virus removal.

Main Results:

  • Mayaro virus (MAYV) demonstrated higher resistance to heat and solvent/detergent treatment compared to Chikungunya virus (CHIKV).
  • Both MAYV and CHIKV were effectively removed below detection limits by 35 nm virus filters.
  • Viral inactivation profiles within the Semliki Forest complex alphaviruses can vary significantly.

Conclusions:

  • Despite differing inactivation sensitivities, robust viral inactivation and removal processes are crucial for PDMP safety.
  • Standard industry procedures effectively inactivate or remove both MAYV and CHIKV.
  • The findings support the continued safety of plasma-derived medicinal products against alphavirus contamination.
Keywords:
Mayaro virusS/D treatmentalphaviruseschikungunya virusheat treatmentinactivationnanofiltrationplasma-derived medicinal productsvirus retentive filtration

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