Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.0K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.0K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.8K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.8K
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

4.9K
Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
4.9K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

48.4K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
48.4K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

17.7K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
17.7K
meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H01:13

meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H

6.7K
All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for...
6.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fe-substituted Na<sub>3.5</sub>V<sub>1.5</sub>Mn<sub>0.5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> NaSICON cathode with multi-electron reactions and improved energy output.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

RSM-BBD optimization of room-temperature synthesized ZIF-8 for synergistic adsorption-photocatalysis of RhB.

RSC advances·2025
Same author

Insights into structure, morphology and conductivity of the earth-abundant NASICON phosphate, Na<sub>4</sub>MnFe(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.

RSC advances·2024
Same author

Synthesis of Novel Nitro-Halogenated Aryl-Himachalene Sesquiterpenes from Atlas Cedar Oil Components: Characterization, DFT Studies, and Molecular Docking Analysis against Various Isolated Smooth Muscles.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Strength Characteristics and Rheological Behavior of a High Level of Fly Ash in the Production of Concrete.

ACS omega·2024
Same author

Design and application of metal organic frameworks for heavy metals adsorption in water: a review.

RSC advances·2024
Same journal

Crystal structure of 4-bromo-3-[(5-bromo-thio-phen-2-yl)methyl-idene]-2-(di-cyano-methyl-idene)-5,6-di-fluoro-2,3-di-hydro-inden-1-one.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same journal

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same journal

Flux-growth method for the targeted synthesis of the salt-inclusion copper(II) phosphate Rb<sub>9</sub>Na<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>6</sub>(P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>)<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>7</sub>.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same journal

Crystal structure of a tetra-nuclear copper(II) complex with 1,10-phenanthroline and 3-nitro-phthalate ligands.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same journal

Crystal structure of nicotinamide ethyl-ene glycol hemisolvate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same journal

Preparation of a chloride salt of covalently modified isoniazid.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases
22:00

Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases

Published on: November 21, 2010

30.6K

Crystal structure of Ba2Co(BO3)2.

Fatima-Ezahra N'Faoui1, Jilali Aride1, Ali Boukhari2

  • 1Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Inorganiques et Organiques, Centre des Sciences des Matériaux, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic Communications
|March 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dibarium cobalt(II) bis-(orthoborate), Ba2Co(BO3)2, single crystals were synthesized from melt. This unique crystal structure features five-coordinated cobalt, differing from related compounds.

Keywords:
Ba2Co(BO3)2X-ray diffractioncobalt boratecrystal growthcrystal structurediborates

More Related Videos

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

22.1K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases
22:00

Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases

Published on: November 21, 2010

30.6K
High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

22.1K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Dibarium cobalt(II) bis-(orthoborate), Ba2Co(BO3)2, belongs to the A2M(BO3)2 family of compounds.
  • Understanding the crystal structures of these compounds is crucial for exploring their properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize single crystals of Ba2Co(BO3)2.
  • To determine and analyze its crystal structure.
  • To compare its coordination environment with other A2M(BO3)2 compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Single crystal growth from a melt.
  • X-ray diffraction analysis to determine crystal structure.

Main Results:

  • Single crystals of Ba2Co(BO3)2 were successfully obtained.
  • The crystal structure consists of isolated (BO3)3- triangles linked by Co2+ cations forming [CoO5] square pyramids.
  • Branched rows of these units extend parallel to [010], with Ba2+ cations in the voids exhibiting coordination number nine.
  • A unique five-coordination for the metal cation (M) was observed, unlike the four- or six-coordination in related compounds.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of Ba2Co(BO3)2 is unique within the A2M(BO3)2 family.
  • The five-coordination of cobalt is a distinguishing feature compared to copper, zinc, magnesium, calcium, or cadmium analogues.