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Association Of Vitamin B12 Deficiency With Intake Of Oral Metformin In Diabetic Patients.

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Long-term metformin use in type 2 diabetes patients is linked to lower vitamin B12 levels. This study found a significant association between metformin use and vitamin B12 deficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus affects over 450 million people globally.
  • Metformin is a common treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency is a potential concern in diabetic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of metformin on vitamin B12 levels in type 2 diabetes patients.
  • To determine if long-term metformin use is associated with reduced vitamin B12.
  • To analyze the relationship between metformin, vitamin B12, HbA1c, and MCV.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 72 type 2 diabetes patients.
  • Patients were divided into two groups: long-term metformin users (>2 years) and non-users.
  • Vitamin B12 levels were measured, with 150 pmol/L set as the normal threshold.

Main Results:

  • Mean vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower in patients taking metformin (360±185.2 pg/ml) compared to non-users (619±176 pg/ml) (p=0.0001).
  • HbA1c and MCV showed significant differences between the metformin and non-metformin groups (p=0.034 and 0.039).
  • Within the metformin group, age and MCV were significantly different in patients with and without vitamin B12 deficiency (p=0.042 and 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Long-term metformin use (>2 years) is significantly associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in type 2 diabetes patients.
  • Metformin may contribute to lower vitamin B12 levels, necessitating monitoring.
  • Further research is recommended to explore the clinical implications of metformin-associated vitamin B12 deficiency.