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Related Concept Videos

Oxidation of Alcohols02:37

Oxidation of Alcohols

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In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
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Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

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Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
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Hepatic Portal System01:21

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The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
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Protection of Alcohols02:31

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This lesson delves into the concept of protection and deprotection of a functional group fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry. These phenomena are explained in the context of aliphatic and aromatic alcohols.
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy
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Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy

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[Alcoholic hepatitis].

Moana Gelu-Simeon1, Philippe Mathurin2

  • 1Service d'hépatogastro- entérologie, CHU de Guadeloupe, université des Antilles, Guadeloupe, France. Inserm, UMR-S 1085/IRSET, Rennes, France.

La Revue Du Praticien
|March 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) diagnosis requires histological confirmation. Abstinence is crucial for survival, while corticosteroids and liver transplantation offer treatment options for severe cases.

Keywords:
alcoholic hepatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a severe liver disease often diagnosed histologically in patients with chronic alcohol abuse.
  • Symptomatic AH presents with jaundice, fever, abdominal pain, and signs of liver dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic criteria for alcoholic hepatitis.
  • To describe clinical and biological features of AH.
  • To discuss prognostic factors and treatment strategies for AH.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on histological evidence in the context of chronic alcohol intoxication.
  • Clinical presentation includes jaundice, fever, and right upper quadrant tenderness.
  • Biological markers such as elevated AST, GGT, leukocytosis, bilirubin, and INR are assessed.

Main Results:

  • Severe AH is indicated by high Maddrey scores (≥ 32), rising bilirubin and INR, and low TP ratio.
  • Abstinence from alcohol significantly impacts long-term survival.
  • Corticosteroid therapy improves short-term survival in severe AH, with response monitored by the Lille score.

Conclusions:

  • Histological confirmation is key for diagnosing alcoholic hepatitis.
  • Prognostic markers and validated scores (Maddrey, Lille) guide treatment decisions.
  • Management involves abstinence, corticosteroids for severe cases, and consideration of liver transplantation for non-responders.