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Necrotizing pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 despite PCV13
Gülsüm Alkan1, Melike Emiroğlu2, Hatice T Dağı3
1Facultad de Medicina de Selguk Üniversitesi, Departamento de Infectología Pediátrica, Konya, Turkey. galkan-85@hotmail.com.
Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria
|March 15, 2019
Summary
Pneumococcal necrotizing pneumonia (PNP) can occur even in fully vaccinated children. This case highlights the risk of breakthrough invasive infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of complicated pneumonia.
- Pneumococcal necrotizing pneumonia (PNP) is a rare but serious complication linked to specific serotypes.
- Historically, serotypes 1, 3, 14, 15, 19A, and 33 were common in pediatric PNP cases before widespread vaccination.
Observation:
- A case report details a child diagnosed with PNP.
- The child had received the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13).
- The causative agent was identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3.
Findings:
- This case demonstrates a breakthrough invasive infection despite complete vaccination.
- Serotype 3, previously a common cause, remains a threat even post-PCV13 immunization.
- The study underscores that Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause invasive disease irrespective of vaccination status.
Implications:
- Healthcare providers must consider PNP in fully vaccinated children presenting with severe pneumonia.
- The findings suggest the need for ongoing surveillance of pneumococcal serotypes causing invasive disease.
- Vaccine strategies may need to evolve to address breakthrough infections and emerging serotypes.
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