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Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process
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Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process

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Safety and Effectiveness of Cochlear Implantation of Young Children, Including Those With Complicating Conditions

Stephen Hoff1,2, Maura Ryan3,4, Denise Thomas5

  • 1Department Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
|March 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Cochlear implantation in children under 37 months is safe and effective, with earlier implantation linked to better speech outcomes. Early cochlear implant surgery (under 12 months) promotes faster development of spoken language skills.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Auditory Rehabilitation
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for children with severe to profound hearing loss.
  • Cochlear implantation (CI) is a primary treatment option for pediatric hearing loss.
  • Optimal timing for CI in very young children remains an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of cochlear implantation in children under 37 months of age.
  • To specifically assess outcomes for infants implanted before 12 months of age compared to older children (12-36 months).
  • To determine the impact of implantation age on speech development and communication modes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 219 children who underwent cochlear implantation.
  • Participants were divided into two groups: under 12 months and 12-36 months at the time of implantation.
  • Outcomes assessed included surgical and anesthesia complications, open-set speech discrimination, and primary communication mode.

Main Results:

  • Cochlear implantation was found to be safe across both age groups, with minimal surgical complications.
  • Children implanted before 12 months achieved open-set speech understanding earlier and were more likely to develop oral-only communication.
  • Implantation after 24 months was associated with a lower likelihood of exclusive oral communication, particularly in children with additional conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Cochlear implantation is a safe and effective intervention for children under 37 months, including infants under 12 months.
  • Implantation before 12 months of age is associated with significantly earlier development of spoken language abilities.
  • Delayed implantation (after 24 months) negatively impacts the development of oral communication, especially in vulnerable populations.
Abstract

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