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Canine pregnancy and parturition.

P W Concannon

    The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice
    |May 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Canine gestation length varies greatly with mating but is consistent (64-66 days) from the preovulatory LH surge. This timing helps predict key reproductive events and understand hormonal influences on pregnancy and parturition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive endocrinology
    • Veterinary science
    • Canine reproduction

    Background:

    • Canine gestation length exhibits significant variability when measured from mating.
    • The preovulatory Luteinizing Hormone (LH) surge is a more reliable indicator of the fertile cycle's timing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish a consistent timeline for canine pregnancy based on the preovulatory LH surge.
    • To correlate endocrine events with key stages of canine gestation and parturition.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of gestation lengths relative to the preovulatory LH surge.
    • Correlation of endocrine events (LH, progesterone, prolactin, cortisol) with reproductive milestones.
    • Review of literature on canine reproductive physiology.

    Main Results:

    • Gestation length from the preovulatory LH surge is consistently 64-66 days.
    • Key events like ovulation, implantation, and fetal radiopacity can be accurately timed from the LH surge.
    • Pregnancy is maintained by ovarian progesterone, supported by pituitary LH and prolactin.
    • Prostaglandin F2 alpha may induce luteolysis prepartum, coinciding with cortisol and prolactin increases.

    Conclusions:

    • The preovulatory LH surge provides a precise reference point for canine reproductive timing.
    • Understanding these endocrine-driven events is crucial for managing canine pregnancy and parturition.
    • Hormonal fluctuations, particularly prostaglandin F2 alpha, play a role in the termination of pregnancy.

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