[Diseases of the Achilles tendon]

In this report diseases of the Achilles tendon are discussed. First an anatomical survey of this region is presented including anatomical variations together with the results of the author's own investigations on corpses. Certain positions and insertions of the plantaris tendon with respect to the Achilles tendon may have pathological influence. Pathological aspects are discussed after a review of the physiology of the Achilles tendon, including functional and tensile tests. The clinical picture changes according to the location of the pathological disorder--tendon, paratenon, insertion and bursae--and whether the disease is acute or chronic. There are various reasons for degenerative changes in the tendon, which can even lead to rupture. Surgical and non-surgical treatment and their indications are presented. In conclusion treatment methods and their results for 36 cases are given.