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DNA DSB Repair Dynamics following Irradiation with Laser-Driven Protons at Ultra-High Dose Rates.

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  • 1Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK.

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Laser-accelerated protons show similar DNA repair kinetics to conventional X-rays at ultra-high dose rates. This finding supports laser-based proton therapy as a potential accessible alternative for cancer treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Biology
  • Laser Technology

Background:

  • Proton therapy offers advantages over photon therapy for specific tumors but faces accessibility challenges due to high costs.
  • Laser-driven ion beam generation presents a potential alternative for proton delivery, necessitating research into radiobiological effects at ultra-high dose rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair kinetics in human fibroblasts irradiated with laser-accelerated protons at ultra-high dose rates.
  • To compare the radiobiological effects of laser-accelerated protons with conventional X-ray and cyclotron-accelerated proton beams.

Main Methods:

  • Human skin fibroblasts (AG01522B) were irradiated with laser-accelerated protons at 10^9 Gy/s using the Gemini laser system.
  • DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair was assessed using the p53 binding protein-1 (53BP1) foci formation assay.
  • Microdosimetric analysis compared foci per cell per track values between laser and cyclotron-accelerated protons.

Main Results:

  • 53BP1 foci repair kinetics showed similarity between ultra-high dose rate protons and 225 kVp X-rays at initial time points.
  • Microdosimetric analysis revealed a good correlation in foci per cell per track between laser and cyclotron-accelerated protons.
  • These findings indicate comparable DNA DSB induction and repair, irrespective of dose delivery time.

Conclusions:

  • Laser-accelerated protons exhibit similar DNA damage and repair characteristics to conventional radiation sources at ultra-high dose rates.
  • The study supports the potential of laser-based proton generation for future cancer therapy, offering a promising avenue for improved accessibility.
  • Further research into radiobiological effects is crucial for clinical translation of this novel technology.