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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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B Cell Dysfunction Associated With Aging and Autoimmune Diseases.

Shiliang Ma1, Chengwei Wang1, Xinru Mao1

  • 1Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|March 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging impairs immune responses and increases autoimmunity risk. Age-associated B cells (ABCs) accumulate, exhibiting unique features and potentially driving immune senescence and autoimmune diseases.

Keywords:
B cellsBCR repertoiresT-betagingautoimmunity

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gerontology
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Aging is linked to weakened humoral immunity and heightened autoimmunity.
  • A rise in atypical B cells, known as age-associated B cells (ABCs), is a hallmark of immune aging.
  • ABCs possess distinct characteristics, including unique phenotypes, gene expression, survival needs, and B cell receptor repertoires.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the defining features of ABCs.
  • To explore the potential role of ABCs in immune senescence.
  • To examine the connection between ABCs and autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on ABCs.
  • Analysis of studies detailing ABC phenotypes and functions.
  • Synthesis of data on ABCs in the context of aging and autoimmunity.

Main Results:

  • ABCs are a distinct B cell subset with unique molecular and functional profiles.
  • Accumulation of ABCs correlates with age-related immune dysfunction.
  • ABCs are implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions.

Conclusions:

  • ABCs represent a significant factor in age-related immune changes.
  • Understanding ABCs is crucial for addressing immune senescence and autoimmunity in the elderly.
  • Further research into ABCs may reveal therapeutic targets for age-related immune disorders.