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Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae Using the Quellung Reaction
Published on: February 24, 2014
Streptococcus pneumoniae: Invasion and Inflammation
Allister J Loughran1, Carlos J Orihuela2, Elaine I Tuomanen1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105.
Abstract:
Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumoccus) is the leading cause of otitis media, community-acquired pneumonia, and bacterial meningitis. The success of the pneumococcus stems from its ability to persist in the population as a commensal and avoid killing by immune system. This chapter first reviews the molecular mechanisms that allow the pneumococcus to colonize and spread from one anatomical site to the next. Then, it discusses the mechanisms of inflammation and cytotoxicity during emerging and classical pneumococcal infections.
Insights
Streptococcus pneumoniae causes major infections like pneumonia and meningitis. This review details how the bacterium colonizes, spreads, and causes inflammation and disease.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae is a primary cause of otitis media, community-acquired pneumonia, and bacterial meningitis.
- Its persistence as a commensal and evasion of the immune system contribute to its success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the molecular mechanisms of pneumococcal colonization and spread.
- To discuss inflammatory and cytotoxic mechanisms in pneumococcal infections.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of molecular mechanisms.
- Analysis of colonization, spread, inflammation, and cytotoxicity.
Main Results:
- Detailed review of molecular strategies for pneumococcal colonization and host-cell interaction.
- Discussion of virulence factors contributing to inflammation and tissue damage.
Conclusions:
- Understanding pneumococcal pathogenesis is crucial for developing effective treatments and vaccines.
- Molecular insights into colonization and immune evasion are key to combating pneumococcal diseases.
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