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Related Concept Videos

Retrieval01:12

Retrieval

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Retrieval is the process of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness. This ability is essential for daily tasks like brushing hair and teeth, driving to work, and performing job duties. Retrieval occurs in three ways: recall, recognition, and relearning.
Recall involves accessing information without cues, such as during an essay test, where individuals must retrieve facts and concepts from memory unaided. Another example is remembering the name of a colleague...
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Conjugate Addition (1,4-Addition) vs Direct Addition (1,2-Addition)01:27

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α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds with two electrophilic sites, the carbonyl carbon, and the β carbon, are susceptible to nucleophilic attack via two modes: conjugate or 1,4-addition and direct or 1,2-addition.
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Mean Absolute Deviation01:13

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The mean absolute deviation is also a measure of the variability of data in a sample. It is the absolute value of the average difference between the data values and the mean.
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ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

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In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
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Conjugate Addition of Enolates: Michael Addition01:08

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The attack of a nucleophile at the β carbon of an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound is called conjugate addition. Conjugate addition reactions of active methylene compounds, such as β-diketones, β-keto esters, β-keto nitriles, and α-nitro ketones, are called Michael addition reactions.
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Phase Transitions02:31

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Pixel-by-pixel absolute phase retrieval assisted by an additional three-dimensional scanner.

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    A new absolute phase unwrapping method uses a low-cost 3D scanner to capture initial data, enabling faster measurements without extra patterns. This digital fringe projection system achieves high speeds for dynamic object measurement.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computer Vision and Robotics
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Absolute phase unwrapping is crucial for accurate 3D reconstruction.
    • Existing methods often require complex setups or additional patterns, limiting speed.
    • Digital fringe projection (DFP) systems offer high resolution but can be constrained by unwrapping speed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel absolute phase unwrapping method assisted by a low-cost 3D scanner.
    • To enhance the measurement speed of digital fringe projection systems.
    • To enable accurate 3D measurements of dynamic objects over large depth ranges.

    Main Methods:

    • A low-cost 3D scanner captures initial scene geometry.
    • Rough 3D data is transformed to generate a reference phase map (ϕref).
    • Absolute phase unwrapping is performed directly using the reference map, eliminating the need for extra projected patterns.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method achieves absolute phase unwrapping without additional patterns, increasing measurement speed.
    • A multiresolution system combining DFP and Kinect V2 validated the method.
    • The DFP system reached 53 Hz at 1600x1000 resolution for dynamic objects with a 400 mm depth range.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel method successfully integrates low-cost 3D scanning with DFP for faster, pattern-free absolute phase unwrapping.
    • The system demonstrates robustness for large depth ranges and dynamic object measurement.
    • The achieved speed surpasses the limitations of the integrated low-cost scanner, highlighting the method's efficiency.