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Rethinking Violence Prevention in Rural and Underserved Communities: How Veteran Peer Support Groups Help

Kathryn J Azevedo1,2,3, Jeremy C Ramirez1,3, Anusha Kumar1,4

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The Journal of Rural Health : Official Journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
|March 16, 2019
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Summary

Veteran Peer Support Programs (PSP) help rural veterans address violence and trauma. Peer specialists build trust, teach de-escalation skills, and offer multi-dimensional support, improving mental health care access.

Keywords:
access to caremental healthpeer supportveteransviolence prevention

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Area of Science:

  • Mental Health
  • Veterans Affairs
  • Violence Prevention

Background:

  • Access to mental health care and violence prevention programs is difficult for rural veterans.
  • Trauma-affected veterans are increasingly returning to rural areas post-service.
  • The Palo Alto VA Health Care System initiated a Peer Support Program (PSP) for remote veterans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the Peer Support Program (PSP) for veterans in rural areas.
  • To understand the experiences of veterans participating in peer support groups.
  • To identify benefits and limitations of peer support in addressing violence and trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted semistructured interviews with 29 peer support group participants and 1 peer specialist.
  • Utilized open-ended and direct questions to explore participant experiences and program aspects.
  • Performed domain analysis using the Spradley ethnographic method on narrative data focused on violence.

Main Results:

  • Four key themes emerged: 1) Military violence is unacceptable in civilian life, 2) Peer support fosters trust for open communication, 3) Skills are taught for violence de-escalation, and 4) The veteran peer support relationship is multifaceted.
  • Peer support specialists facilitate trust and open dialogue among veterans.
  • The program teaches valuable skills for managing and preventing violence.

Conclusions:

  • Trauma-focused assistance from peer support specialists, as part of a mental health team, benefits veterans.
  • Peer support programs can aid in the prevention of future violence.
  • These findings support the integration of peer support specialists in interdisciplinary mental health care for veterans.