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Stress-Strain Diagram - Ductile Materials01:24

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The stress-strain relationship in ductile materials such as structural steel or aluminium is intricate and progresses through several stages. When a specimen is loaded, it initially exhibits a linear length increase, depicted by a steep straight line on the stress-strain diagram. It indicates the material is elastically deforming and will return to its original shape once unloaded. However, when a critical stress value is reached, plastic deformation begins. This stage sees substantial...
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Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress01:25

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In designing structural elements and machine parts using ductile materials, it is crucial to ensure that these components withstand applied stresses without yielding. Yielding is initially determined through a tensile test, which evaluates the material's response to uniaxial stress. However, tensile stress is insufficient when components face biaxial or plane stress conditions This condition requires advanced criteria to predict failure.
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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
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Within the human body, a complex and detailed system of trillions of cells works in unison to sustain life. Each cell houses a nucleus, which contains 46 chromosomes divided into 23 pairs. Chromosomes are highly coiled structures made of the genetic material DNA. These chromosomes are essential carriers of genetic information, with half inherited from the mother through her egg and the other half from the father's sperm, combining to create the unique genetic makeup of an individual.
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In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
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Using Green Supplementary Materials to Achieve More Ductile ECC.

Yichao Wang1, Zhigang Zhang2, Jiangtao Yu3,4

  • 1Department of Disaster Mitigation for Structures, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. wangyichao@tongji.edu.cn.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Recycled powder and crumb rubber enhance engineered cementitious composites (ECC), significantly boosting deformability and tensile strain capacity up to 12%. These sustainable materials improve ECC performance for construction applications.

Keywords:
crumb rubbergreen engineered cementitious compositesrecycled powderstrain hardeningultra-high ductility

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Sustainable Construction Materials

Background:

  • Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) are advanced materials known for ductility.
  • Improving the sustainability and mechanical properties of ECC is crucial for wider adoption.
  • Construction and demolition waste presents an opportunity for resource recovery in concrete applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of recycled powder (RP) and crumb rubber (CR) on the greenness and deformability of ECC.
  • To determine the optimal replacement levels of fly ash/silica sand with RP and CR.
  • To analyze the influence of RP and CR on ECC at the meso-scale.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) were prepared with varying percentages of recycled powder (RP) and crumb rubber (CR).
  • Mechanical properties were evaluated using tension and compression tests.
  • Meso-scale analysis included single crack tension tests for fiber bridging capacity and 3-point bending tests for matrix fracture toughness.

Main Results:

  • Incorporation of RP and CR positively impacted ECC deformability, particularly tensile strain capacity, reaching up to 12%.
  • The study demonstrated a significant increase in tensile strain capacity, nearly tripling that of conventional ECC.
  • Crumb rubber replacement reduced matrix fracture toughness but maintained fiber bridging capacity.

Conclusions:

  • Recycled powder and crumb rubber are effective supplements for enhancing ECC deformability and tensile strain capacity.
  • The enhanced deformability is attributed to the pseudo-strain hardening (PSH) behavior induced by RP and CR.
  • Utilizing recycled materials in ECC offers a sustainable approach to improving composite performance.