Monoclonal Antibodies in Multiple Sclerosis: Present and Future

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence is rising globally, causing significant morbidity and impacting patients' quality of life.
• While not highly fatal, MS substantially reduces daily living activities.
• Novel disease-modifying therapies are crucial for managing MS progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current and emerging monoclonal antibody (MAB) therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS).
• To evaluate the efficacy, safety, immunogenicity, and benefit-risk profiles of MABs across the MS spectrum.
• To focus on MABs approved or nearing approval for MS treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of approved and investigational MABs for MS.
• Analysis of clinical trial data regarding efficacy and safety outcomes.
• Assessment of MABs' impact on relapses, inflammation, and disease progression.

Main Results:

• MABs are highly efficacious in reducing MS relapses and inflammation.
• Specific MABs offer the first treatment options for primary progressive MS.
• MABs are being investigated for potential reparative and remyelinating effects.

Conclusions:

• Monoclonal antibodies represent a cornerstone in modern MS management.
• Ongoing research and development promise expanded therapeutic options for MS patients.
• Careful evaluation of efficacy, safety, and individual patient needs is essential for MAB selection.