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Evisceration of Mouse Vitreous and Retina for Proteomic Analyses
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What if? Mouse proteomics after gene inactivation

Elisabetta Gianazza1, Ingrid Miller2, Uliano Guerrini1

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milano, Italy.

Journal of Proteomics
|March 17, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Knocking out genes alters protein networks, impacting tissues differently. This review analyzes gene knockout effects on proteomes, highlighting context-specific outcomes and shared pathway disruptions.

Area of Science:

  • Proteomics
  • Genomics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Protein interactions form complex networks crucial for cellular function.
  • Gene knockout (KO) models are essential for studying protein function by disrupting gene expression.
  • Understanding proteome alterations in KO models is key to deciphering biological pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize research on the proteomic consequences of individual gene knockouts across various tissues.
  • To analyze the context-specificity of proteomic changes in different organs within the same KO mouse model.
  • To investigate the overlap in proteomic effects of different gene knockouts on the same organ and identify affected pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies involving gene knockout animal models and proteomic analysis.
  • Comparative analysis of proteomic data from different tissues/organs within the same KO model.
  • Examination of proteomic data across different KO models targeting the same organ.
  • Focus on cellular stress markers as indicators of pathway involvement.

Main Results:

  • Gene knockouts lead to significant alterations in tissue-specific proteomes.
  • The impact of a gene knockout is highly context-dependent, varying across different organs.
  • Overlapping proteomic effects were observed for different gene knockouts in the same organ, suggesting involvement of general pathways.
  • Cellular stress markers were frequently implicated in the observed proteomic changes.

Conclusions:

  • Gene knockout studies reveal tissue-specific proteomic remodeling and highlight the complexity of biological networks.
  • The context-specificity of KO effects underscores the importance of considering the biological system when interpreting proteomic data.
  • Identifying shared pathway disruptions provides insights into fundamental cellular processes and potential therapeutic targets.
  • Further research into cellular stress responses in KO models is warranted.
Keywords:
Conditional knock-outKO miceSystemic knock-outTissue-specific outcome

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