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A Note on the Voice Mismatch Asymmetry in Ellipsis.

Charles Clifton1, Ming Xiang2, Lyn Frazier3

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 135 Hicks Way, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA. cec@psych.umass.edu.

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
|March 17, 2019
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Summary

Syntactic mismatches in verb phrase ellipsis lower acceptability, especially when a passive clause precedes an active elided clause. This supports theories requiring syntactic identity and explains voice asymmetries in ellipsis.

Keywords:
EllipsisSentence acceptabilitySentence comprehensionVPE

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Syntax

Background:

  • Theories of ellipsis propose varying identity conditions between antecedents and elided constituents.
  • Syntactic identity conditions predict penalties for mismatches, especially in ellipsis contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of syntactic mismatches on acceptability in verb phrase (VP) ellipsis.
  • To test predictions from syntactic identity theories and a speech error/repair approach to mismatches.

Main Methods:

  • A written acceptability judgment study was conducted.
  • The study manipulated the voice of antecedent and ellipsis clauses (active/passive) and the presence of ellipsis.

Main Results:

  • Syntactic mismatches significantly lowered acceptability in elided VPs but not in overt VPs.
  • Passive-active mismatches were rated higher than active-passive mismatches, particularly with ellipsis.

Conclusions:

  • Results support theories positing a syntactic identity condition for ellipsis.
  • The findings align with a speech error/repair model, explaining voice asymmetries in VP ellipsis.