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Improving Everyday Functioning in the Old-Old with Working Memory Training.

Erika Borella1, Alessandra Cantarella1, Barbara Carretti1

  • 1Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry : Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry
|March 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory (WM) training improved cognitive abilities in older adults, including everyday problem-solving and spatial representation, with lasting effects observed up to nine months post-training.

Keywords:
Everyday functioningcognitive trainingmaintenance effectsold-old adultstransfer effectsworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Human Development

Background:

  • Aging is associated with declines in cognitive functions, including working memory (WM).
  • Maintaining cognitive function is crucial for independent living in older adults.
  • Interventions to enhance cognitive abilities in the elderly are of significant interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the short- and long-term effects of working memory (WM) training.
  • To assess improvements in everyday life abilities and cognitive measures in old-old adults (aged ≥ 75 years).
  • To investigate transfer effects of WM training to untrained cognitive tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-two community-dwelling older adults (75-85 years) were randomized into a training or active control group.
  • WM training involved a task similar to the criterion task.
  • Transfer effects were assessed using the Everyday Problem Test (EPT), Timed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (TIADL), spatial tasks, and a measure of inhibitory control (intrusion errors).

Main Results:

  • The trained group showed immediate gains in the criterion WM task and TIADL.
  • At nine-month follow-up, the trained group maintained criterion task gains and demonstrated transfer effects in everyday problem-solving (EPT) and spatial representation.
  • Improvements in cognitive inhibition (reduced intrusion errors) were also observed at follow-up in the trained group.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory (WM) training appears to be an effective strategy for old-old adults.
  • WM training may help preserve everyday functioning and cognitive abilities in the elderly.
  • The findings suggest potential for WM training to support cognitive healthspan in aging populations.