Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hormones and Bone Tissue

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...

Types of Hormones

Types of Hormones

Hormones can be classified into three main types based on their chemical structures: steroids, peptides, and amines. Their actions are mediated by the specific receptors they bind to on target cells.

Hormonal Regulation

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.

Hormonal Regulation

Hormonal Regulation

Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.

Plant Hormones

Plant Hormones

Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Iron excess is associated with atheroma presence and progression in chronic kidney disease in the NEFRONA cohort.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Circulating microRNAs as potential predictive biomarkers of equine metabolic syndrome.

Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)·2026

Same author

Corrigendum to "Antidiabetic sitagliptin influences tissue regeneration by affecting progenitor cells" [Biomed. Pharmacother. 189 (2025) 118279].

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026

Same author

Defining interstitial lung disease related to idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a systematic review protocol of the Myositis Clinical Trial Consortium (MCTC).

Systematic reviews·2026

Same author

Circulating α-Klotho and Multidimensional Aging and Frailty Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from the European Renal Association CKD-MBD Working Group.

Calcified tissue international·2026

Same author

Supplementation with <i>Enterococcus lactis</i> (SF68) and its association with biochemical parameters and inflammatory biomarkers related to renal impairment in dogs with chronic kidney disease.

The veterinary quarterly·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Calcimimetics maintain bone turnover in uremic rats despite the concomitant decrease in parathyroid hormone

Juan M Díaz-Tocados¹, María E Rodríguez-Ortiz², Yolanda Almadén³

¹Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Nephrology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain; University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Kidney International

|March 18, 2019

Summary

Calcimimetics directly stimulate bone formation by activating the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) on bone cells. This anabolic effect in bone counteracts reduced parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, offering new therapeutic insights.

Keywords:

CaSR bone calcimimetic chronic kidney disease mineral metabolism parathyroid hormone

More Related Videos

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Published on: July 14, 2023

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Mysteries of Sichuan's Herbal Medicine in Chinese Medicine Research

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Mysteries of Sichuan's Herbal Medicine in Chinese Medicine Research

Published on: March 1, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Published on: July 14, 2023

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Mysteries of Sichuan's Herbal Medicine in Chinese Medicine Research

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Mysteries of Sichuan's Herbal Medicine in Chinese Medicine Research

Published on: March 1, 2024

Area of Science:

Bone biology
Endocrinology
Pharmacology

Background:

Calcimimetics reduce parathyroid hormone (PTH) in secondary hyperparathyroidism.
The direct impact of calcimimetics on bone cells expressing the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the direct effects of calcimimetics on bone cells via CaSR activation.
To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo bone effects of a specific calcimimetic (AMG 641).

Main Methods:

Utilized a rat model with and without uremia, employing total parathyroidectomy and continuous PTH infusion to establish a PTH clamp.
Administered a calcimimetic (AMG 641) or vehicle to assess bone parameters.
Conducted in vitro studies using an osteosarcoma cell line and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Main Results:

Calcimimetic treatment increased osteoblast number and osteoid volume in normal rats under PTH clamp.
In uremic rats, calcimimetics decreased plasma PTH and enhanced osteoblast number, osteoid surface, and bone formation at higher PTH levels.
In vitro, the calcimimetic promoted osteogenic gene expression, Erk1/2 phosphorylation, and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.

Conclusions:

Calcimimetic administration exerts a direct anabolic effect on bone.
This anabolic bone effect counterbalances the reduction in PTH levels caused by calcimimetics.
Findings suggest a direct therapeutic potential of calcimimetics on bone health beyond PTH suppression.