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Semistarvation and exercise.

C Weissman, S Goldstein, J Askanazi

    Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
    |June 1, 1986
    PubMed
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    Nutritional changes significantly impact exercise responses. Semistarvation with dextrose lowered carbon dioxide levels, while amino acid infusion increased oxygen consumption and ventilation, altering metabolic efficiency.

    Area of Science:

    • Exercise Physiology
    • Nutritional Science
    • Metabolic Research

    Background:

    • Nutritional intake critically influences metabolic and respiratory functions during rest and exercise.
    • Understanding these responses is vital for optimizing performance and health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of intravenous dextrose and amino acid infusions on metabolic and ventilatory responses to exercise in normal subjects.
    • To determine how short-term semistarvation and subsequent nutrient repletion alter physiological adaptations to physical exertion.

    Main Methods:

    • Subjects underwent 4 days of semistarvation (440 kcal/day dextrose infusion) followed by 48 hours of amino acid infusion (480 kcal/day).
    • Metabolic and ventilatory parameters were measured at rest and during three levels of steady-state exercise (1.25, 2.50, and 5.0 kg·m/s).

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  • Key measurements included oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), minute ventilation (VE), and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2).

    • Main Results:

    • Dextrose infusion decreased resting and exercise arterial PCO2 and ventilatory equivalent for CO2 (VE/VCO2).
    • Amino acid infusion increased resting VO2 and VE, decreased PaCO2, with minimal change in VCO2.
    • During exercise, amino acid infusion led to greater increases in VE and VO2 compared to dextrose alone, while mechanical efficiency initially improved with dextrose and returned to baseline with amino acids.

    Conclusions:

    • Short-term semistarvation with dextrose alters metabolic and ventilatory responses to exercise, characterized by reduced CO2 levels.
    • Subsequent isocaloric amino acid administration modifies these adaptive responses, impacting oxygen consumption and ventilation.
    • The findings suggest that the body's adaptive strategies during nutritional stress are sensitive to the type and timing of nutrient provision.