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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers

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Mapping the current flow in sacral nerve stimulation using computational modelling.

Nada Yousif¹, Carolynne J Vaizey², Yasuko Maeda^2,3

¹School of Engineering and Technology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK.

Healthcare Technology Letters

|March 19, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) for fecal incontinence can be optimized by understanding current spread. This study models electrical current in 3D, revealing how anatomy and electrode choice impact stimulation effects.

Keywords:

SNS electrode adjacent tissues adverse stimulation effects bioelectric phenomena bioelectric potentials biological tissues biomechanics biomedical electrodes biophysical models bipolar stimulation computational modelling contact configuration current flow electric current electrical stimulus electrode contacts electrode model choice established treatment finite element analysis finite element model induced spread monopolar stimulation nerve fibres neural fibre stimulation neuromuscular stimulation neurophysiology patient treatment physiological models prosthetics quadripolar electrode sacral foramen sacral nerve root sacral nerve stimulation similar effect stimulation parameters therapeutic stimulation effects

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neuroscience
Medical Device Technology

Background:

Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is a key treatment for fecal incontinence.
Current understanding of electrical current spread from SNS electrodes is limited.
This limitation hinders treatment optimization and understanding of side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To model and visualize current spread from SNS electrodes.
To investigate the impact of anatomical detail and electrode configuration on stimulation.
To establish a protocol for understanding and optimizing SNS parameters.

Main Methods:

Developed a 3D imaging-based finite element model.
Coupled the model with biophysical nerve fiber models.
Investigated effects of tissue inhomogeneity, electrode models, and contact configurations.

Main Results:

Anatomical details significantly alter stimulation effect estimates.
Monopolar and bipolar stimulation showed similar effects in this configuration.
Larger active electrode contacts reduced the volume of tissue activated.

Conclusions:

The developed model provides a protocol for analyzing SNS effects.
This approach can elucidate therapeutic and adverse stimulation outcomes.
Future patient-specific adjustments to stimulation parameters are enabled.