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Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
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Pneumonia-Specific Escherichia coli with Distinct Phylogenetic and Virulence Profiles, France, 2012-2014

Béatrice La Combe, Olivier Clermont, Jonathan Messika

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |March 19, 2019
    PubMed

    Insights

    Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) causing pneumonia in ventilated patients possess unique lung-specific traits. These pneumonia-causing E. coli strains show increased virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance compared to commensal strains.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Genomics
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia, particularly in mechanically ventilated patients.
    • Understanding the genomic and virulence characteristics of E. coli strains causing pneumonia is crucial for effective treatment and infection control.

    Observation:

    • A nationwide study in France analyzed 260 E. coli pneumonia isolates from mechanically ventilated patients.
    • Isolates were characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility, phylotype, O-type, and virulence factor gene content.
    • Comparisons were made with commensal and bacteremia E. coli isolates from published collections.

    Findings:

    • The predominant phylogenetic group was B2, and the most common sequence type complex (STc) was STc73.
    • Pneumonia isolates exhibited overrepresentation of STc127 and STc141, and underrepresentation of STc95 compared to bacteremia isolates.
    • Pneumonia isolates carried higher proportions of virulence genes (sfa/foc, papGIII, hlyC, cnf1, iroN) and showed increased antimicrobial drug resistance compared to commensal isolates.

    Implications:

    • Genomic and phylogenetic features indicate that E. coli pneumonia isolates belong to the extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli pathovar.
    • These isolates possess distinct lung-specific traits, differentiating them from strains causing other infections.
    • Findings highlight the need for targeted therapeutic strategies against specific E. coli pathotypes in critically ill patients with pneumonia.
    Keywords:
    Escherichia coliFranceNosocomial infectionantimicrobial resistancebacteriapneumoniarespiratory infectionsventilator-associated pneumoniavirulence factors

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