Human fascioliasis in nomads: A population-based serosurvey in southwest Iran

Fascioliasis is a human and veterinary concern in Iran. This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of human fascioliasis among nomadic people in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province located in the southwest of Iran. Venous blood samples were collected from 933 nomads in the area. A predesigned questionnaire containing basic epidemiological information was filled out for each subject during the sampling. Sera were evaluated for anti-Fasciola antibodies, using excretory-secretory (ES) antigen of Fasciola hepatica in an ELISA system. Of 933 recruited subjects, 726 (77.8%) were females and 206 (22.1%) were males. The mean age of the participants was 43.1 (±16.7) years old. Most of the subjects (24.6%) were in the age group of 21-30 years old. Anti-Fasciola antibodies were detected in 24 (2.6%) out of 933 cases. Of 24 seropositive cases, 3 (12.5%) were male and 21 (87.5%) were female. The differences between the seropositivity and sex, age, level of education and residence area were not statistically significant (p >0.05). Findings of the current study demonstrated that the seroprevalence of fascioliasis in the studied nomadic population was significant, and that preventive and control measures should be taken to prevent the disease from spreading and causing even greater health and economic problems in this area.