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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Adolescent and Adult Mice
Published on: August 1, 2025
Pick your Poison: Examining Adolescent Substance Use Through Opportunity Theory
Molly Block1, Kristin Swartz2, Allen Copenhaver3
1mmblock@iu.edu, SPEA, IUPUI, 801 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202.
Abstract:
The present study examines substance use behaviors of middle and high school students, focusing on how varying influences of opportunity measures impact use of specific types of substances. The data used in the present study come from almost 4,000 students within 89 school contexts from students attending public school in a Southern state. HLM is used to explore the influence of various opportunities at both the student and school-level on the use of different types of substances. Results indicate measures of opportunity at both the student and school-level were significant; however, measures at the individual level were consistently more influential.
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