Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure

The Greek philosopher Democritus proposed that everything on Earth is made up of tiny particles called atomos, Greek for "indivisible," from which the modern term "atom" is derived. In the 19th century, John Dalton proposed the atomic theory that is still largely correct today. He put forth five postulates to explain how atoms made up the world around us. (1) All matter is composed of infinitely small particles or atoms. (2) All atoms of a given element are identical to one...

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electronic Structure of Atoms

An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the nucleus. Taking into account the wave–particle duality of electrons and the uncertainty in position around the nucleus, quantum mechanics provides a more accurate model for the atomic structure. It describes atomic orbitals as the regions around the nucleus where electrons of discrete energy exist, characterized by four quantum...

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass

Atoms — and the protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose them — are extremely small. For example, a carbon atom weighs less than 2 × 10−23 g. When describing the properties of tiny objects such as atoms, we use appropriately small units of measure, such as the atomic mass unit (amu). The amu was originally defined based on hydrogen, the lightest element, then later in terms of oxygen. Since 1961, it has been defined with regard to the most abundant isotope of carbon, atoms of which...

Atomic Orbitals

Atomic Orbitals

An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Rapid sintering of ultrafine-grained refractory metals under mild conditions.

Nature materials·2026

Same author

Liquid Metal-Enabled General Nanoarchitectonics of Self-Propelled Nanorobots with Cascaded-Enhanced Antibiofilm Efficacy.

ACS nano·2026

Same author

Multi-omics-based metabolomic kinetics study of corn stover fermented by combined probiotic and enzymatic treatment.

BMC microbiology·2026

Same author

Liquid metal dispersed single-atom catalyst with high-temperature stability.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Research Progress on Mechanisms, Regulation Strategies, and Applications of Phase Transition Hysteresis of Vanadium Dioxide.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same author

A Comprehensive Review of Wooden Breast Myopathy in Broilers: Impacts, Detection, Processing, and Future Perspectives.

Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety·2026

Same journal

Learning Moisture-Induced Damage From Vision: Diffusion Models for Real-Time Monitoring of Additive Manufacturing Processes.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same journal

Intrinsic Dual-Phase Regulated GeSe<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles Triggered by Ball-Milling Treatment for Photonic Multi-Valued Logic Circuits.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same journal

A Plant Photoregulator-Inspired S-Type Heterojunction System for Diabetic Keratopathy via Tri-Modal Light-Driven Immunometabolic Reprogramming, Tissue Repair, and Antibacterial Activity.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same journal

eEF1G Orchestrates Translation to Ensure Meiotic Progression in Transcriptionally Quiescent Spermatocytes.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same journal

Ultrasound-Recharged Sub-Nanometer Palladium Catalysts for on-Demand and Self-Terminating Bioorthogonal Prodrug Activation in Cancer Therapy.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same journal

Graphene Aerogels With Spherical Pore Structure for Broad Frequency Regulation and Enhanced Low-Frequency Response.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Atomic-Scale Structural Modification of 2D Materials.

Yao Xiao¹, Mengyue Zhou², Mengqi Zeng²

¹The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|March 20, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Atomic-scale structures (ASSs) in 2D materials enable property tuning for advanced electronics. Controlling these atomic configurations is key to developing novel functional devices.

Keywords:

2D materials atomic defects edge structures grain boundaries property tuning

More Related Videos

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Published on: March 1, 2022

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Published on: March 1, 2022

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

Published on: December 16, 2013

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) materials, like graphene, exhibit unique properties driving interest in electronics and optoelectronics.
Atomic-scale structures (ASSs) arise from natural or engineered variations in 2D material atomic arrangements.
ASS transformations alter charge density, electronic density of states, and lattice symmetry, enabling property modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review various atomic-scale structures (ASSs) in 2D materials.
To summarize design strategies for ASSs, focusing on defects and edges.
To present property modulation based on ASSs for multifunctional applications.

Main Methods:

Introduction of different ASSs: grain boundaries, atomic defects, edge structures, and stacking arrangements.
Summary of design strategies for controlling ASSs, particularly atomic defects and edges.
Presentation of property modulation (electrical, optical, magnetic) via atomic-scale structural modifications.

Main Results:

Several types of ASSs in 2D materials are identified and described.
Design strategies for creating specific ASSs are outlined.
Demonstration of how modifying ASSs tunes electrical, optical, and magnetic properties.

Conclusions:

Atomic-scale structural modification is a powerful approach for tuning 2D material properties.
Controllable design of ASSs and accurate property tuning are crucial for future applications.
This research promotes advancements in engineering 2D materials for functional devices.