Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Ischemia-reperfusion Model of Acute Kidney Injury and Post Injury Fibrosis in Mice
09:09

Ischemia-reperfusion Model of Acute Kidney Injury and Post Injury Fibrosis in Mice

Published on: August 9, 2013

40.9K

Dialysis modalities for the management of pediatric acute kidney injury

Lara de Galasso1, Stefano Picca1, Isabella Guzzo2

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|March 20, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children requires careful management. The choice of renal replacement therapy (RRT) depends on patient factors, modality performance, and available resources, not survival rates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Renal Replacement Therapy

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a growing concern in hospitalized children, linked to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in neonates and those needing dialysis.
  • The spectrum of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for pediatric AKI has evolved, now including peritoneal dialysis (PD), intermittent hemodialysis (HD), continuous RRT (CRRT), and hybrid approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the various dialysis modalities available for treating acute kidney injury in children.
  • To discuss the indications, benefits, and drawbacks of each RRT method in the pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current pediatric AKI dialysis strategies.
  • Analysis of RRT modalities including PD, HD, CRRT, and hybrid options.
  • Focus on clinical application, patient characteristics, and resource considerations.

Main Results:

  • Advances in pediatric RRT enable higher care standards for critically ill and young patients.
  • No definitive evidence supports superior survival rates for any specific dialysis method in pediatric AKI.
  • Optimal RRT selection is multifactorial, considering patient specifics, modality efficacy, and institutional capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The selection of RRT for pediatric AKI should be individualized.
  • A comprehensive understanding of each modality's advantages and limitations is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Integrating patient characteristics with available resources guides the most appropriate dialysis choice.

Keywords:
AKICRRTChildrenHemodialysisPeritoneal dialysisRegional citrate anticoagulation

More Related Videos

Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury07:58

Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury

Published on: July 17, 2016

9.2K
Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research03:13

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research

Published on: November 3, 2023

3.0K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
435
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
661
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
1.0K
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
326
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
909
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
299