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Osteoporosis and the Ageing Skeleton.

Terry J Aspray1,2,3, Tom R Hill4,5,6

  • 1NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Terry.Aspray@Newcastle.ac.uk.

Sub-Cellular Biochemistry
|March 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Osteoporosis, a bone-weakening condition, poses a growing global health challenge, particularly for older adults. This review focuses on preventing fractures in the elderly through nutrition, fall prevention, and managing frailty.

Keywords:
Bone mineral densityCalcium nutritionFracture risk assessmentFrailtyHip fractureOsteoporosisSarcopeniaVitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Orthopedics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder compromising bone strength and increasing fracture risk.
  • Demographic shifts, particularly an aging population, exacerbate the global health burden of osteoporosis and fractures.
  • While historically linked to post-menopausal women, fracture incidence is rising in the elderly population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review interventions for abating osteoporosis progression and preventing fractures in the elderly.
  • To examine the role of nutritional factors, falls risk, and frailty in fracture prevention among older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on osteoporosis, fracture risk factors, and interventions.
  • Analysis of evidence linking nutrition (calcium, vitamin D), falls, and frailty to fractures in the elderly.
  • Consideration of osteoporosis management in individuals aged 80 and beyond.

Main Results:

  • Nutritional factors like calcium and vitamin D are crucial for bone health.
  • Reducing falls risk is a key strategy for preventing fractures in older individuals.
  • Frailty, sarcopenia, and multi-morbidity significantly impact fall and fracture risk in the oldest old.

Conclusions:

  • Interventions must target the elderly, especially the very old, to mitigate osteoporosis and fracture risks.
  • Comprehensive management strategies should incorporate nutrition, fall prevention, and assessment of frailty and co-morbidities.
  • Addressing osteoporosis and fracture risk in advanced age requires a multi-faceted approach.