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Related Concept Videos

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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Osmolality refers to the number of solute particles per kilogram of solvent in a solution. Plasma osmolality specifically indicates the total number of solute particles per kilogram of water in blood plasma. This value reflects the body's hydration status and is tightly regulated through mechanisms controlling water intake and output. While water consumption is a conscious decision, the body has intrinsic regulatory systems to maintain fluid balance. Dehydration, a state of water deficit...
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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Prebiotic Intake in Older Adults: Effects on Brain Function and Behavior.

Monica C Serra1, Joe R Nocera2, Jessica L Kelleher2

  • 1Atlanta VA and Emory University School of Medicine, 1670 Clairmont Rd. (151R), Decatur, GA, 30307, USA. monica.christine.serra@emory.edu.

Current Nutrition Reports
|March 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Prebiotics may enhance cognitive function and mood by increasing beneficial gut bacteria. However, more research is needed to confirm optimal use in older adults.

Keywords:
AgingBrain healthCognitive functionPrebioticsSupplementation

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome-gut-brain axis
  • Nutritional neuroscience
  • Geriatric health

Background:

  • Gut microbiota influences brain function and behavior via the gut-brain axis.
  • Prebiotics promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.
  • Emerging research explores the impact of prebiotics on cognitive and affective outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence on the effects of prebiotics on brain function and behavior in older adults.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of prebiotic supplementation for cognitive and behavioral improvements.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating prebiotic effects on the gut microbiota.
  • Analysis of human studies examining the impact of prebiotics on cognitive tests and behavioral assessments.
  • Synthesis of data regarding optimal prebiotic dosage, duration, and delivery methods.

Main Results:

  • Prebiotic intake generally increases beneficial gut bacteria concentrations.
  • Preliminary human studies suggest prebiotics (5-10 g/d) may improve learning, working memory, anxiety, and mood.
  • Current evidence is primarily from short-term studies in younger and middle-aged adults.

Conclusions:

  • Prebiotics show promise for positively impacting brain function and behavior through the gut-brain axis.
  • Further research is crucial to establish safe and effective prebiotic interventions for older adults, including those with diseases.
  • Longer-term studies are needed to determine optimal dosing, duration, and delivery for geriatric populations.