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Related Concept Videos

Energy Transfer in Chemical Reactions01:16

Energy Transfer in Chemical Reactions

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Chemical reactions require sufficient energy to cause the matter to collide with enough precision and force that old chemical bonds can be broken and new ones formed. In general, kinetic energy is the form of energy powering any type of matter in motion. Imagine a person building a brick wall. The energy it takes to lift and place one brick on top of another is the kinetic energy—the energy matter possesses because of its motion. Once the wall is in place, it stores potential energy.
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Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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What is Energy?04:10

What is Energy?

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The universe is composed of matter in different forms, and all forms of matter contain energy.  The different forms of energy on Earth originate from the Sun — the ultimate energy source. Plants capture light energy from the Sun, and, via the process of photosynthesis, convert it into chemical energy. This stored energy from plants can be harnessed in many ways. For example, eating plant products as food provides energy for our body to function, and burning wood or coal (fossilized...
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Free Energy01:21

Free Energy

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Free energy—abbreviated as G for the scientist Gibbs who discovered it—is a measurement of useful energy that can be extracted from a reaction to do work. It is the energy in a chemical reaction that is available after entropy is accounted for. Reactions that take in energy are considered endergonic and reactions that release energy are exergonic. Plants carry out endergonic reactions by taking in sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. Animals, in turn, break...
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Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality
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Chirality in fluorescence and energy transfer.

David L Andrews1

  • 1School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.

Methods and Applications in Fluorescence
|March 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Chiral molecules can influence circularly polarized luminescence, a phenomenon related to molecular handedness. This study explores how molecular chirality affects optical polarization in fluorescence and energy transfer processes.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Chiroptical Phenomena

Background:

  • Optical polarization studies typically focus on plane polarizations for molecular fluorescence and energy transfer.
  • Chirality in molecular systems can introduce circular polarization, known as optical helicity, in emission processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of molecular handedness on circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) in fluorescence and energy transfer.
  • To explore how chirality in donor and acceptor molecules affects the output circularity in multi-component systems.
  • To understand the role of symmetry principles in chiroptical phenomena and identify new experimental procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of photon-molecule couplings to resolve quantum mechanisms.

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  • Examination of symmetry principles governing sensitivity to molecular handedness.
  • Consideration of multi-component systems involving chiral donors and acceptors.

    • Main Results:

    • Chiral donors can influence fluorescence circularity in achiral acceptors, though not by 'conveying' chirality.
    • Chiral molecules can passively induce helicity in achiral neighbors' fluorescence.
    • Circularly polarized excitation introduces further complexity to these chiroptical effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Detailed understanding of symmetry principles clarifies quantum mechanisms in chiroptical phenomena.
    • The study provides fresh physical insights into the relationship between molecular handedness and optical polarization.
    • Connections are established across various chiroptical phenomena, including induced circular dichroism.