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Features of Childhood Arterial Ischemic Stroke in China
Qingjun Cao1, Fenghua Yang1, Junmei Zhang1
1a Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China.
Insights
Infection is a key risk factor for childhood arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in China, particularly in males. Stroke lesions commonly affect the basal ganglia, with conservative treatment often employed.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Vascular Neurology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children is a significant neurological event.
- Identifying specific risk factors and clinical features is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the characteristics and risk factors associated with AIS in pediatric patients in China.
- To analyze clinical manifestations, neuroradiological findings, and treatment outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 75 Chinese children diagnosed with AIS between 2013 and 2018.
- Data collected included initial symptoms, clinical features, risk factors, neuroimaging, and treatment.
- Patient age ranged from 1 month to 14 years.
Main Results:
- Males predominated (70.67%), with a male-to-female ratio of 2.41:1.
- Respiratory tract infection with fever was present in 73.33% of cases.
- Lesions were predominantly located in the basal ganglia (70 cases).
- Conservative management was used for all patients; thrombolytic therapy was not administered.
- Intravenous immunoglobulin was given for fever and drowsiness.
Conclusions:
- Infection is a significant risk factor for childhood AIS in China.
- Infection and thrombophilia risk factors often occurred independently.
- Basal ganglia lesions are common in pediatric AIS.
Abstract:
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the features and risk factors for arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the initial symptoms, clinical manifestations, risk factors, neuroradiological findings, and treatment data of 75 Chinese children aged between 1 month and 14 years (median 5.7 years) who were diagnosed with AIS in our hospital between 2013 and 2018. Results: Among these 75 cases of childhood AIS, 53 patients (70.67%) were male, and the male-to-female ratio was 2.41:1. A total of 55 cases (73.33%) had respiratory tract infection with fever. Seventy cases had lesions in the basal ganglia (46 left, 24 right). All patients were treated conservatively without thrombolytic therapy. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was given to children with fever and drowsiness. Conclusion: Infection was an important risk factor for children with AIS in China. Infection and thrombophilia risk factors were more likely to occur in isolation. The stroke lesions commonly occurred in the basal ganglia region.
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